Third Reich

The Third Reich (Drittes Reich) is the name for Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945, from Adolf Hitler's appointment as chancellor on 30 January 1933 to the capitulation of 8 May 1945. The name claimed succession from the Holy Roman Empire and the empire of 1871–1918.

History

After abolishing parliamentary rule and following Hindenburg's death (1934) Hitler concentrated all power; there followed the Anschluss of Austria (1938), the occupation of the Sudetenland and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (1939), the Second World War and the Holocaust. The Reich ended in defeat and Allied occupation.

Currency and coins

The currency remained the Reichsmark (1 RM = 100 pfennig). Silver 2 and 5 marks (5 RM = 13.89 g, .900, 1933–1939: Hindenburg, Garrison Church, Schiller 1934, Luther 1933) with the eagle and from 1936 with the swastika; small change in nickel 50 pfennig, aluminium-bronze 5 and 10 pfennig, from 1940 zinc and aluminium. Mints A Berlin, B Vienna (from 1938), D Munich, E Muldenhütten, F Stuttgart, G Karlsruhe, J Hamburg. For the Protectorate, crowns and hellers with the lion were struck at Kremnica.

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